Publications

2022

Falk, J. R., Gollwitzer, P. M., Oettingen, G., & Gendolla, G. H. E. (2022). Task choice shields against incidental affective influences on effort-related cardiovascular response. Psychophysiology, 00:e14022. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.14022

Falk, J. R., Gollwitzer, P. M., Oettingen, G., & Gendolla, G. H. E. (2022). Incidental affective influences on effort-related cardiac response: The critical role of choosing task characteristics. International Journal of Psychophysiology.

Gollwitzer, A., Olcaysoy Okten, I., Osorio Pizarro, A., & Oettingen, G. (2022). Discordant knowing: A social cognitive structure underlying fanaticism. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001219 

Kim, S., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2022). Mental contrasting of a negative future facilitates COVID-19 preventative behaviors: Two randomized controlled trials. Psychology and Health. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2022.2060978

Lalot, F., Gollwitzer, P. M., Quiamzade, A., & Oettingen, G. (in press). Boosted by closure! Regulatory focus predicts persistence and effort mobilisation in the aftermath of task-unrelated goal closure. European Journal of Social Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2877

Oettingen, G., Gollwitzer, A., Jung, J., & Olcaysoy Okten, I., (2022). Misplaced certainty in the context of conspiracy theories. Current Opinion in Psychology.

Olcaysoy Okten, I., Gollwitzer, A., & Oettingen, G. (2022). When knowledge is blinding: The dangers of being certain about the future during uncertain social events. Personality and Individual Differences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2022.111606 

Sevincer, A. T., Plakides, A., & Oettingen, G. (in press). Mental contrasting and energization transfer to low-expectancy tasks. Motivation and Emotion.

Valshtein, T. J., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2022). The grey areas of romance: A measure of presumptuous romantic intentions. Psychological Assessment. https://doi:10.31234/osf.io/8p3sz.

Voigt, C. E., Mutter, E. R., & Oettingen, G. (2022). Effectiveness of a motivational smoking reduction strategy across socioeconomic status and stress levels. Frontiers in Psychology. 13:801028 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.801028

Wittleder, S., Reinelt, T., Milanowski, L., Viglione, C., Jay, M., & Oettingen, G. (in press). Testing Go/No-Go training effects on implicit evaluations of unhealthy and healthy snack foods. Psychology & Health.

2021

Gendolla, G. H. E., Bouzidi, Y. S., Arvaniti, S., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2021). Task choice immunizes against incidental affective influences in volition. Motivation Science, 7, 229–241. https://doi.org/10.1037/mot0000225

Hennecke, M., Brandstätter, V., & Oettingen, G. (2021). The self-regulation of healthy aging: goal-related processes in three domains. Journals of Gerontology, Series B: Psychological Sciences, 76, 125–134. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab011

Klusmann, V., Gow, A. J., Robert, P., & Oettingen, G. (2021). Using theories of behavior change to develop interventions for healthy aging. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences. 119–205. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab111

Monin, J. K., Oettingen, G., Laws, H., David, D., DeMatteo, L., & Marottoli, R. (2021). A controlled pilot study of the wish outcome obstacle plan strategy for spouses of persons with early-stage dementia. Journal of Gerontology: Series B, gbab115. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab115

Sevincer, A. T., & Oettingen, G. (2021). Regulatory focus and thinking about the future and reality. Motivation Science, 7, 334–344. https://doi.org/10.1037/mot0000240

von Weichs, V., Krott, N. R., & Oettingen, G. (2021). The self-regulation of conformity: mental contrasting with implementation intentions (MCII). Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.546178 

Zacher, H., Zadeh, R. S., Heckhausen, J., & Oettingen, G. (2021). Motivation and healthy aging at work. Journal of Gerontology: Series B, gbab042. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab042 

2020

Mutter, E. R., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2020).  An online randomised controlled trial of mental contrasting with implementation intentions as a smoking behaviour change intervention. Psychology & Health, 35, 318–345. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2019.1634200

Schrage, J., Schwörer, B., Krott, N. R., & Oettingen, G. (2020). Mental contrasting and conciliatory behavior in romantic relationships.  Motivation and Emotion, 44, 356–372. doi:10.1007/s11031-019-09791-9

Schwörer, B., Krott, N. R., & Oettingen, G. (2020). Saying goodbye and saying it well: Consequences of a (not) well-rounded ending. Motivation Science, 6, 21–33. doi: 10.1037/mot0000126
 
Sevincer, A. T., Musik, T., Degener, A., Greinert, A., & Oettingen, G. (2020). Taking responsibility for others and use of mental contrasting. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 46, 1219–1233. doi:10.1177/0146167219898569

Sevincer, A. T., Wagner, G., & Oettingen, G. (2020). Positive fantasies and negative emotions in soccer fans. Cognition and Emotion, 34, 935–946. doi:10.1080/02699931.2019.1703649

Underberg, J. E., Gollwitzer, A., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2020). The best words: Linguistic indicators of grandiose narcissism in politics. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 39, 271–281. doi:10.1177/0261927X19883898
 
Valshtein, T. J., Mutter, E. R., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2020). Relatedness needs and negative fantasies as the origins of obsessive thinking in romantic relationships. Motivation and Emotion, 44, 226–243. doi: 10.1007/s11031-019-09802-9
 
Valshtein, T. J., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2020). Using mental contrasting with implementation intentions to reduce bedtime procrastination: two randomised trials. Psychology & Health, 35, 275–301. doi:10.1080/08870446.2019.1652753

Wittleder, S., Kappes, A., Krott, N. R., Jay, M., & Oettingen, G. (2020). Mental contrasting spurs energy by changing implicit evaluations of obstacles. Motivation Science, 6, 133–155. doi: 10.1037/mot0000140

2019

Gollwitzer, A., & Oettingen, G. (2019). Paradoxical knowing: A shortcut to knowledge and its antisocial correlates. Social Psychology, 50, 145. doi:10.1027/1864-9335/a000368 

Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2019).  Goal attainment. In R. M. Ryan (Ed.),  The Oxford handbook of human motivation  (2nd ed., pp. 247–268). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2019). Implementation intentions. In M. D. Gellman & I. R. Turner (Eds.), Encyclopedia of behavioral medicine. Chapter No.: 1710-4. 

Krott N.R., Marheinecke R., & Oettingen G. (2019). Mentale Kontrastierung und WOOP fördern Einsicht und Veränderung. In S. Rietmann, & P. Deing (Eds.), Psychologie der Selbststeuerung (pp. 187–212). Wiesbaden: Springer VS. 

Oettingen, G. (2019). Locke and Latham’s legacy provides a model of courage. Motivation Science, 5, 108–109. doi:10.1037/mot0000131 

Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2019). From feeling good to doing good. In J. Gruber (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Positive Emotion and Psychopathology (pp. 596–612). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. 

Wittleder, S., Kappes, A., Oettingen, G., Gollwitzer, P. M., Jay, M., & Morgenstern, J. (2019). Mental contrasting with implementation intentions (MCII) reduces drinking when drinking is hazardous: An online self-regulation intervention. Health Education & Behavior, 46, 666–676. doi:10.1177/1090198119826284 

2018

Adriaanse, M. A., Kroese, F. M., Weijers, J., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2018). Explaining unexplainable food choices. European Journal of Social Psychology, 48, 15–24. doi:10.1002/ejsp.2273 

Cimpian, A., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2018). Intuition. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), The SAGE Encyclopedia of lifespan human development (pp. 1219–1220). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. 

Gantman, A. P., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2018). When consciousness needs to explain unconsciously activated behavior. In N. Baumann, M. Kazén, M. Quirin, & S. L. Koole (Eds.), Why people do the things they do (pp. 105–113). Boston, MA: Hogrefe Publishing. doi:10.1027/00540-000

Gollwitzer, P. M., Mayer, D., Frick, C., & Oettingen, G. (2018). Promoting the self-regulation of stress in health care providers: An internet-based intervention. Frontiers in Psychology, 9(838). doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00838 

Krott, N. R., & Oettingen, G. (2018). Mental contrasting of counterfactual fantasies attenuates disappointment, regret, and resentment. Motivation and Emotion, 42, 17–36. doi:10.1007/s11031-017-9644-4 

Krott, N. R., & Oettingen, G. (2018). Mental contrasting of counterfactual fantasies engages people in their present life. Motivation Science, 4(2), 137–157. doi:10.1037/mot0000080 

Oettingen, G., & Chromik, M. P. (2018). How hope influences goal-directed behavior. In S. J. Lopez & M. W. Gallagher (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of hope (pp. 69–79). New York City, NY: Oxford University Press.

Oettingen, G, & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2018). Health behavior change by self-regulation of goal pursuit. In D. de Ridder, M. Adriaanse, & K. Fujita (Eds.), The Routledge international handbook of self-control in health and well-being (pp. 418–430). New York, NY: Routledge.

Oettingen, G. & Sevincer, A. T. (2018). Fantasy about the future as friend and foe. In G. Oettingen, A. T. Sevincer, & P. M. Gollwitzer (Eds.), The psychology of thinking about the future (pp. 127–149). New York, NY: Guilford.

Oettingen, G., Sevincer, A. T., & Gollwitzer P. M. (Eds.) (2018). The psychology of thinking about the future. New York, NY: Guilford.

Schweiger-Gallo, I., Bieleke, M., Alonso, M. A., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2018). Downregulation of anger by mental contrasting with implementation intentions (MCII). Frontiers in Psychology, 9(1838). doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01838 

Sevincer, A. T., Tessmann, P., & Oettingen, G. (2018). Demand to act and use of mental contrasting. Social Psychology, 49, 344-359. doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000353.

Sheeran, P., Webb, T. L., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2018). Self-regulation of affect-health behavior relations. In D. M. Williams, R. E. Rhodes, & M. T. Conner (Eds.), Affective determinants of health behavior (pp. 90–114). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Wagner, G., Sevincer, A. T., Keim, R., Fähnrich, M., & Oettingen, G. (2018). Alcohol intake can reduce gambling behavior. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 32, 832 – 845. doi:10.1037/adb0000396 

2017

Ahn, J. N., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2017). Projection of visceral needs: Satisfaction of the need and similarity of the target person as moderators. Social Psychology, 48, 54–59.  doi:10.1027/1864-9335/a000286 

Bieleke, M., Gollwitzer, P. M., Oettingen, G., & Fischbacher, U. (2017). Social value orientation moderates the effects of intuition versus reflection on responses to unfair ultimatum offers. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 30, 569–581. doi:10.1002/bdm.1975 

Brodersen, G., & Oettingen, G. (2017). Mental contrasting of a negative future with a positive reality regulates state anxiety. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(1596). doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01596 

Gantman, A. P., Adriaanse, M. A., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2017). Why did I do that? Explaining actions activated outside awareness. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 24, 1563–1572. doi:10.3758/s13423-017-1260-5 

Marquardt, M. K., Oettingen, G., Gollwitzer, P. M., Sheeran, P., & Liepert, J. (2017). Mental contrasting with implementation intentions (MCII) improves physical activity and weight loss among stroke survivors over one year. Rehabilitation Psychology, 62(4), 580–590. doi:10.1037/rep0000104 

Martiny-Huenger, T., Bieleke, M., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2017). From thought to automatic action: Strategic and incidental action control by if-then planning. In R. Deutsch, B. Gawronski, & W. Hofmann (Eds.), Reflective and impulsive determinants of behavior (pp. 69–84). New York: Psychology Press.

Saddawi-Konefka, D., Baker, K., Guarino, A., Burns, S. A., Oettingen, G., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Charnin, J. E. (2017). Changing resident physician studying behaviors: A randomized, comparative effectiveness trial of goal-setting versus use of WOOP. The Journal of Graduate Medical Education, 9(4), 451–457. doi:10.4300/JGME-D-16-00703.1 

Schwörer, B. & Oettingen, G. (2017). Vom Träumen zum Tun – Befunde aus der modernen Motivationspsychologie. In C. Gorr & M. C. Bauer (Eds.), Was treibt uns an? Motivation und Frustration aus Sicht der Hirnforschung (pp. 105–113). Berlin, Germany: Springer.

Sevincer, A. T., Mehl, P. J., & Oettingen, G. (2017). Well self-regulated people use mental contrasting. Social Psychology, 48(6), 348–364. Göttingen: Hogrefe. doi:10.1027/1864-9335/a000322 

2016

Baumeister, R. F., Vohs, K. D., & Oettingen, G. (2016). Pragmatic prospection: How and why people think about the future. Review of General Psychology, 20, 3–16. doi:10.1037/gpr0000060 

Freydefont, L., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2016). Goal striving strategies and effort mobilization: When implementation intentions reduce effort-related cardiac activity during task performance. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 107, 44–53. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.06.013 

Fritzsche, A., Schlier, B., Oettingen, G., & Lincoln, T. M. (2016). Mental contrasting with implementation intentions increases goal-attainment in individuals with mild to moderate depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 40, 557–564. doi:10.1007/s10608-015-9749-6 

Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2016). Planning promotes goal striving. In K. D. Vohs & R. F. Baumeister (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulation: Research, theory, and applications (3rd ed., pp. 223–244). New York: Guilford.

Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2016). Implementation intentions. In M. C. Gellman (Ed.), Encyclopedia of behavioral medicine (2nd ed.). New York: Springer.

Hagger, M. S., Luszczynska, A., de Wit, J., Benyamini, Y.,… & Oettingen, G., Sheeran, P. & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2016). Implementation intention and planning interventions in health psychology: Recommendations from the Synergy expert group for research and practice. Psychology & Health, 31, 814–839. doi:10.1080/08870446.2016.1146719 

Loy, L. S., Wieber, F., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2016). Supporting sustainable food consumption: Mental contrasting with implementation intentions (MCII) aligns intentions and behavior. Frontiers in Psychology, 7(607). doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00607 

Marquardt, M. K., Gantman, A. P., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2016). Incomplete professional identity goals override moral concerns. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 65, 31–41. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2016.03.001 

Oettingen, G., & Cachia, J. Y. (2016). The problems with positive thinking and how to overcome them. In K. D. Vohs & R. F. Baumeister (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulation: Research, theory, and applications (3rd ed., pp. 547–570). New York: Guilford.

Oettingen, G., Mayer, D., & Portnow, S. (2016). Pleasure now, pain later: Positive fantasies about the future predict symptoms of depression. Psychological Science, 27, 345–353. doi:10.1177/0956797615620783 

Oettingen, G., & Reininger, K. M. (2016). The power of prospection: Mental contrasting and behavior change. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 10, 591–604. doi:10.1111/spc3.12271 

2015

Ahn, J., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2015). Goal projection in public places. European Journal of Social Psychology, 45(5), 575–586. doi:10.1002/ejsp.2112 

Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2015). From studying the determinants of action to analysing its regulation: a commentary on Sniehotta, Presseau, and Araújo-Soares. Health Psychology Review, 9, 146–150. doi:10.1080/17437199.2014.919511 

Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2015). Motivation and actions. In J. Wright (Ed.), International encyclopedia of social and behavioral sciences (pp. 887–893). Oxford, UK: Elsevier. 

Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2015). Motivation, history of the concept. In J. Wright (Ed.), International encyclopedia of social and behavioral sciences (pp. 936–939). Oxford, UK: Elsevier. 

Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (Eds.) (2015). Self-regulation in adolescence. New York, NY: Cambridge Press.

Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2015). Self-regulation: Principles and tools. In G. Oettingen & P. M. Gollwitzer (Eds.), Self-regulation in adolescence (pp. 3–29). New York, NY: Cambridge Press.

Oettingen, G., Kappes, H. B., Guttenberg, K. B., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2015). Self-regulation of time management: Mental contrasting with implementation intentions. European Journal of Social Psychology, 45, 218–229. doi:10.1002/ejsp.2090 

Oettingen, G., Schrage, J., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2015). Volition. In L. Corno, & E. Anderman (Eds.), Handbook of Educational Psychology (3rd ed., pp. 104–117). New York, NY: Routledge, Taylor, & Francis.

Sevincer, A. T., & Oettingen, G. (2015). Future thought and the self-regulation of energization. In G. H. E. Gendolla, M. Tops, & S. Koole (Eds.), Biobehavioral approaches to self-regulation (pp. 315–329). New York: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1236-0_21 

Sevincer, A. T., Schlier, B., & Oettingen, G. (2015). Ego depletion and the use of mental contrasting. Motivation and Emotion, 39, 876–891. doi:10.1007/s11031-015-9508-8 

Wesnousky, A. E., Oettingen, G., Gollwitzer, P. M. (2015). Holding a silver lining theory: When negative attributes heighten performance. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 57, 15–22. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2014.11.001 

2014

Gantman, A., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2014). Mindful mindlessness in goal pursuit. In A. Ie, C. D. Ngnoumen, & E. J. Langer (Eds.), The Wiley-Blackwell handbook of mindfulness (pp. 236–257). Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

Gollwitzer, P. M., Martiny-Huenger, T., & Oettingen, G. (2014). Affective consequences of intentional action control. In A. J. Elliot (Ed.), Advances in Motivation Science (pp. 49–83). Oxford, UK: Elsevier. doi:10.1016/bs.adms.2014.08.002 

Kappes, A., & Oettingen, G. (2014). The emergence of goal pursuit: Mental contrasting connects future and reality. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 54, 25–39. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2014.03.014 

Longoni, C., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2014). A green paradox: Validating green choices has ironic effects on behavior, cognition, and perception. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 50, 158–165. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2013.09.010 

Maglio, S. J., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2014). Emotion and control in the planning of goals. Motivation and Emotion, 38, 620–634. doi:10.1007/s11031-014-9407-4 

Martiny-Huenger, T., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2014). Distractor devaluation in a flanker task: Object-specific effects without distractor recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 40, 613–625. doi:10.1037/a0034130 

Martiny-Huenger, T., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2014). Selective attention to in- and outgroup members systematically influences intergroup bias. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 5, 936–943. doi:10.1177/1948550614541296 

Oettingen, G. (2014). Rethinking positive thinking: inside the new science of motivation. New York, NY: Penguin Random House.

Oettingen, G., Ahn, J. N., Gollwitzer, P. M., Kappes, A., & Kawada, C. L. K. (2014). Goal projection and giving help. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 54, 204–214. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2014.05.005 

Sevincer, A. T., Busatta, P. D., & Oettingen, G. (2014). Mental contrasting and transfer of energization. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 40, 139–152. doi:10.1177/0146167213507088 

Sevincer, A. T., Kluge, L., & Oettingen, G. (2014). Implicit theories and motivational focus: Desired future versus present reality. Motivation and Emotion, 38, 36–46. doi:10.1007/s11031-013-9359-0 

Sevincer, A. T., & Oettingen, G. (2014). Alcohol myopia and goal commitment. Frontiers in Psychology, 5(169). doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00169 

Sevincer, A. T., Wagner, G., Kalvelage, J., & Oettingen, G. (2014). Positive thinking about the future in newspaper reports and presidential addresses predicts economic downturn. Psychological Science, 25, 1010–1017. doi:10.1177/0956797613518350 

2013

Duckworth, A. L., Kirby, T. A., Gollwitzer, A., & Oettingen, G. (2013). From fantasy to action: Mental Contrasting with Implementation Intentions (MCII) improves academic performance in children. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 4, 745–753. doi:10.1177/1948550613476307 

Gawrilow, C., Morgenroth, K., Schultz, R., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2013). Mental contrasting with implementation intentions enhances self-regulation of goal pursuit in schoolchildren at risk for ADHD. Motivation and Emotion, 37, 134–145. doi:10.1007/s11031-012-9288-3 

Gawrilow, C., Oettingen, G., & Sevincer, A. T. (2013). Mögliches Selbst (Possible self). In M. Wirtz (Ed.), Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie (p. 1390). Bern: Huber.

Gawrilow, C., Sevincer, A. T., & Oettingen, G. (2013). Construal level theory. In M. Wirtz (Ed.), Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie (p. 339). Bern: Huber.

Gollwitzer, P. M., Gantman, A., & Oettingen, G. (2013). Intention. In B. Kaldis (Ed.), Encyclopedia of philosophy and the social sciences. London, UK: Sage Publications.

Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2013). Implementation intentions. In  M. Gellman & J. R. Turner (Eds.), Encyclopedia of behavioral medicine (Pt. 9, pp. 1043–1048). New York: Springer-Verlag.

Houssais, S., Oettingen, G., & Mayer, D. (2013). Using mental contrasting with implementation intentions to self-regulate insecurity-based behaviors in relationships. Motivation and Emotion, 37, 224–233. doi:10.1007/s11031-012-9307-4 

Job, V., Oettingen, G., & Sevincer, A. T. (2013). Leistungszielorientierung [Performance goal]. In M. Wirtz (Ed.), Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie (pp. 936–937). Bern: Huber.

Job, V., Sevincer, A. T., & Oettingen, G. (2013). Lernzielorientierung [Learning goal]. In M. Wirtz (Ed.), Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie (p. 958). Bern: Huber.

Kappes, A., Wendt, M., Reinelt, T., & Oettingen, G. (2013). Mental contrasting changes the  meaning of reality. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 49, 797–810. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2013.03.010 

Kappes, H. B., Sharma, E., & Oettingen, G. (2013). Positive fantasies dampen charitable giving when many resources are demanded. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 23, 128–135. doi:10.1016/j.jcps.2012.02.001 

Kirk, D., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2013). Promoting integrative bargaining: Mental contrasting with implementation intentions. International Journal of Conflict Management, 24, 148–165. doi:10.1108/10444061311316771 

Klinger, E., Sevincer, A. T., & Oettingen, G. (2013). Zielablösezyklus [Disengagement cycle]. In M. Wirtz (Ed.), Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie (p. 1698). Bern: Huber.

Maglio, S. J., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2013). Action control by implementation intentions: The role of discrete emotions. In A. Clark, J. Kiverstein, & T. Vierkant (Eds.), Decomposing the will (pp. 221–243). New York: Oxford University Press.

Oettingen, G., & Schwörer, B. (2013). Mind wandering via mental contrasting as a tool for behavior change. Frontiers in Psychology, 4(562). doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00562 

Oettingen, G., & Sevincer, A. T. (2013). Fantasierealisierung, Theorie der [Fantasy realization theory]. In M. Wirtz (Ed.), Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie (p. 535). Bern: Huber.

Oettingen, G., Wittchen, M., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2013). Regulating goal pursuit through Mental Contrasting with Implementation Intentions. In E. A. Locke & G. P. Latham (Eds.), New developments in goal setting and task performance (pp. 523–548). New York, NY: Routledge.

Sevincer, A. T., & Oettingen, G. (2013). Alcohol intake leads people to focus on desirability rather than feasibility. Motivation and Emotion, 37, 165–176. doi:10.1007/s11031-012-9285-6 

Sevincer, A. T., & Oettingen, G. (2013). Prozesssimulation [Process simulation]. In M. Wirtz (Ed.), Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie (p. 1236). Bern: Huber.

Sevincer, A. T., & Oettingen, G. (2013). Spontaneous mental contrasting and selective goal pursuit. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39, 1240–1254. doi:10.1177/0146167213492428 

Sevincer, A. T., & Oettingen, G. (2013). Zielhierarchie [Goal hierarchy]. In M. Wirtz (Ed.), Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie (p. 1701). Bern: Huber.

Sheeran, P., Harris, P., Vaughan, J., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2013). Gone exercising: Mental contrasting promotes physical activity among overweight, middle-aged, low-SES fishermen. Health Psychology, 32, 802–809. doi:10.1037/a0029293 

Stern, C., Cole, S., Gollwitzer, P. M., Oettingen, G., & Balcetis, E. (2013). Effects of implementation intentions on anxiety, perceived proximity, and motor performance. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39, 623–635. doi:10.1177/0146167213479612 

2012

Achtziger, A., Martiny, S. E., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2012). Meta-cognitive processes in the self-regulation of goal pursuit. In P. Briñol & K. DeMarree (Eds.), Social meta-cognition. Frontier of Social Psychology Series (pp. 121–139). New York: Psychology Press.

Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2012). Goal pursuit. In R. Ryan (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of human motivation (pp. 208–231). New York: Oxford University Press.

Johannessen, K. B., Oettingen, G., & Mayer, D. (2012). Mental contrasting of a dieting wish improves self-reported health behaviour. Psychology and Health, 27, 43–58. doi:10.1080/08870446.2011.626038 

Kappes, A., Oettingen, G., & Pak, H. (2012). Mental contrasting and the self-regulation of responding to negative feedback. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38, 845–857. doi:10.1177/0146167212446833 

Kappes, A., Singmann, H., & Oettingen, G. (2012). Mental contrasting instigates goal pursuit by linking obstacles of reality with instrumental behavior. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 48, 811–818. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2012.02.002 

Kappes, H. B., & Oettingen, G. (2012). Wishful information preference: Positive fantasies mimic the effects of intentions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38, 870–881. doi:10.1177/0146167212446163 

Kappes, H. B., Oettingen, G., & Mayer, D. (2012). Positive fantasies predict low academic achievement in disadvantaged students. European Journal of Social Psychology, 42, 53–64. doi:10.1002/ejsp.838 

Kappes, H. B., Schwörer, B., & Oettingen, G. (2012). Needs instigate positive fantasies of idealized futures. European Journal of Social Psychology, 42, 299–307. doi:10.1002/ejsp.1854 

Oettingen, G. (2012). Future thought and behaviour change. European Review of Social Psychology, 23, 1–63. doi:10.1080/10463283.2011.643698 

Oettingen, G., Marquardt, M. K., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2012). Mental contrasting turns positive feedback on creative potential into successful performance. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 48, 990–996. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2012.03.008 

Sevincer, A. T., Oettingen, G., & Lerner, T. (2012). Alcohol affects goal commitment by explicitly and implicitly induced myopia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 121, 524–529. doi:10.1037/a0025931 

2011

Duckworth, A. L., Grant, H., Loew, B., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2011). Self-regulation strategies improve self-discipline in adolescents: Benefits of mental contrasting and implementation intentions. Educational Psychology, 31, 17–26. doi:10.1080/01443410.2010.506003 

Gawrilow, C., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2011). If-then plans benefit delay of gratification performance in children with and without ADHD. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 35, 442–455. doi:10.1007/s10608-010-9309-z 

Gawrilow, C., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2011). If-then plans benefit executive functions in children with ADHD. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 30, 616–646. doi:10.1521/jscp.2011.30.6.616 

Gollwitzer, A., Oettingen, G., Kirby, T., Duckworth, A., & Mayer, D. (2011). Mental contrasting facilitates academic performance in school children. Motivation and Emotion, 35, 403–412. doi:10.1007/s11031-011-9222-0 

Gollwitzer, P. M., Kappes, H. B., & Oettingen, G. (2011). Needs and incentives as sources of goals. In H. Aarts & A. Elliot (Eds.), Goal-directed behavior (pp.  115-149). Philadelphia: Psychology Press/Taylor & Francis. 

Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2011). Planning promotes goal striving. In K. D. Vohs & R. F. Baumeister (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulation: Research, theory, and applications (2nd ed., pp. 162–185). New York: Guilford.

Kappes, H. B., & Oettingen, G. (2011). Positive fantasies about idealized futures sap energy. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 47, 719–729. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2011.02.003 

Kappes, H. B., Oettingen, G., Mayer, D., & Maglio, S. (2011). Sad mood promotes self-initiated mental contrasting of future and reality. Emotion, 11, 1206–1222. doi:10.1037/a0023983 

Kappes, H. B., Stephens, E. J., & Oettingen, G. (2011). Implicit theories moderate the relation of positive future fantasies to academic outcomes. Journal of Research in Personality, 45, 269–278. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2011.02.006 

Kirk, D., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2011). Mental contrasting promotes integrative bargaining. International Journal of Conflict Management, 22, 324–341. doi:10.1108/10444061111171341 

2010

Adriaanse, M. A., Oettingen, G., Gollwitzer, P. M., Hennes, E. P., de Ridder, D. T. D., & de Wit, J. B. F. (2010). When planning is not enough: Fighting unhealthy snacking habits by mental contrasting with implementation intentions (MCII). European Journal of Social Psychology, 40, 1277–1293. doi:10.1002/ejsp.730 

Bargh, J. A., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2010). Motivation. In S. Fiske, D. T. Gilbert, & G. Lindzay (Eds.), Handbook of social psychology (5th ed., pp. 268–316). New York: Wiley.

Christiansen, S., Oettingen, G., Dahme, B., & Klinger, R. (2010). A short goal-pursuit intervention to improve physical capacity: A randomized clinical trial in chronic back pain patients. Pain, 149, 444–452. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2009.12.015 

Gollwitzer, P. M., Gawrilow, C., & Oettingen, G. (2010). The power of planning: Self-control by effective goal-striving. In R. R. Hassin, K. N. Ochsner, & Y. Trope (Eds.), Self control in society, mind, and brain (pp. 279–296). New York: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195391381.003.0015

Klasen, F., Oettingen, G., Daniels, J., Post, M., & Adam, H. (2010). Multiple trauma and mental health in former Ugandan child soldiers. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 23, 573–581. doi:10.1002/jts.20557 

Klasen, F., Oettingen, G., Daniels, J., Post, M., Hoyer, C., & Adam, H. (2010). Posttraumatic resilience in former Ugandan child soldiers. Child Development, 81, 1096–1113. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01456.x 

Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2010). Strategies of setting and implementing goals: Mental contrasting and implementation intentions. In J. E. Maddux & J. P. Tangney (Eds.), Social psychological foundations of clinical psychology (pp. 114–35). New York: Guilford.

Oettingen, G., Mayer, D., & Brinkmann, B. (2010). Mental contrasting of future and reality: Managing the demands of everyday life in health care professionals. Journal of Personnel Psychology, 9, 138–144. doi:10.1027/1866-5888/a000018 

Oettingen, G., Mayer, D., & Thorpe, J. (2010). Self-regulation of commitment to reduce cigarette consumption: Mental contrasting of future with reality. Psychology and Health, 25, 961–977. doi:10.1080/08870440903079448 

Oettingen, G., Stephens, E. J., Mayer, D., & Brinkmann, B. (2010). Mental contrasting and the self-regulation of helping relations. Social Cognition, 28, 490–508. doi:10.1521/soco.2010.28.4.490 

Parks-Stamm, E. J., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2010). Implementation intentions and test anxiety: Shielding academic performance from distraction. Learning and Individual Differences, 20, 30–33. doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2009.09.001 

Parks-Stamm, E. J., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2010). Making sense of one's actions in an explanatory vacuum: The interpretation of nonconscious goal striving. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 46, 531–542. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2010.02.004 

Stadler, G., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2010). Intervention effects of information and self-regulation on eating fruits and vegetables over two years. Health Psychology, 29, 274–283. doi:10.1037/a0018644 

2009

Achtziger, A., Fehr, T., Oettingen, G., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Rockstroh, B. (2009). Strategies of intention formation are reflected in continuous MEG activity. Social Neuroscience, 4, 11–27. doi:10.1080/17470910801925350 

Gawrilow, C., Sevincer, A. T., & Oettingen, G. (2009). Psychologie des Zukunftsdenkens [Psychology of thinking about the future]. In V. Brandstätter & J. H. Otto (Eds.), Handbuch der Allgemeinen Psychologie - Motivation und Emotion [Handbook of general psychology: motivation and emotion] (pp. 182–188). Göttingen: Hogrefe.

Gilbert, S. J., Gollwitzer, P. M., Cohen, A.-L., Oettingen, G., & Burgess, P. W. (2009). Separable brain systems supporting cued versus self-initiated realization of delayed intentions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 35, 905–915. doi:10.1037/a0015535 

Gollwitzer, P. M., Parks-Stamm, E. J., & Oettingen, G. (2009). Living on the edge: Shifting between nonconscious and conscious goal pursuit. In E. Morsella, J. A. Bargh, & P. M. Gollwitzer (Eds.), Oxford handbook of human action (pp. 603–624). New York: Oxford University Press.

Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2009). Embodied goal pursuit. European Journal of Social Psychology, 39, 1210–1213. doi:10.1002/ejsp.685 

Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2009). Making goal pursuit effective: Expectancy-dependent goal setting and planned goal striving. In J. P. Forgas, R. F. Baumeister, & D. M. Tice (Eds.), Psychology of self-regulation: Cognitive, affective, and motivational processes (pp. 127–146). New York, NY: Psychology Press.

Oettingen, G., & Kappes, A. (2009). Mental contrasting of the future and reality to master negative feedback. In K. D. Markman, W. M. P. Klein, & J. A. Suhr (Eds.), Handbook of imagination and mental simulation (pp. 395–412). New York: Psychology Press.

Oettingen, G., & Kluge, L. (2009). Kluges Zielsetzen durch mentales Kontrastieren von Zukunft und Realität [Prudence in setting goals: Mental contrasting of future and reality]. In T. Iwers-Stelljes (Ed.), Prävention – Intervention – Konfliktlösung [Prevention-intervention-conflict resolution] (pp. 215–227). Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.

Oettingen, G., Mayer, D., Sevincer, A. T., Stephens, E. J., Pak, H., & Hagenah, M. (2009). Mental contrasting and goal commitment: The mediating role of energization. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35, 608–622. doi:10.1177/0146167208330856 

Oettingen, G., & Stephens, E. J. (2009). Fantasies and motivationally intelligent goal setting. In G. B. Moskowitz & H. Grant (Eds.), The psychology of goals (pp. 153–178). New York: Guilford Press.

Sevincer, A. T., & Oettingen, G. (2009). Alcohol breeds empty goal commitments. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 118, 623–633. doi:10.1037/a0016199 

Sevincer, A. T., & Oettingen, G. (2009). Ziele [Goals]. In V. Brandstätter & J. H. Otto (Eds.), Handbuch der Allgemeinen Psychologie - Motivation und Emotion [Handbook of general psychology: motivation and emotion] (pp. 37–45). Göttingen: Hogrefe.

Stadler, G., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2009). Physical activity in women: Effects of a self-regulation intervention. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 36, 29–34. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2008.09.021 

2008

Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2008). The question-behavior effect from an action control perspective. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 18, 107–110. doi:10.1016/j.jcps.2008.01.004 

Oettingen, G., Sevincer,  A. T., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2008). Goal pursuit in the context of culture. In R. Sorrentino & S. Yamaguchi (Eds.), Handbook of motivation and cognition across cultures (pp. 191–211). San Diego: Elsevier.

2007

Fujita, K., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2007). Mindsets and pre-conscious open-mindedness to incidental information. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43, 48–61. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2005.12.004 

Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2007). The role of goal setting and goal striving in medical adherence. In D. C. Park & L. L. Liu (Eds.), Medical adherence and aging: Social and cognitive perspectives (pp. 23–47). Washington, D. C.: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/11557-002

Henderson, M. D., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2007). Implementation intentions and disengagement from a failing course of action. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 20, 81–102. doi:10.1002/bdm.553 

Parks-Stamm, E. J., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2007). Action control by implementation intentions: Effective cue detection and efficient response initiation. Social Cognition, 25, 248–266. doi:10.1521/soco.2007.25.2.248 

Perkins, M. B., Jensen, P. S., Jaccard, J., Gollwitzer, P. M., Oettingen, G., Pappadopulos, E., & Hoagwood, K. E. (2007). Applying theory-driven approaches to understanding and modifying clinicians’ behavior: What do we know? Psychiatric Services, 58, 342–348. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.58.3.342 

2006

Oettingen, G., Grant, H., Smith, P. K., Skinner, M., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2006). Nonconscious goal pursuit: Acting in an explanatory vacuum. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 42, 668–675. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2005.10.003 

Oettingen, G., & Thorpe, J. (2006). Fantasy realization and the bridging of time. In L. J. Sanna & E. C. Chang (Eds.), Judgments over time: The interplay of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors (pp. 120–142). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Oettingen, G., & Zosuls, K. M. (2006). Culture and self-efficacy in adolescents. In F. Pajares & T. Urdan. (Eds.), Self-efficacy beliefs of adolescents. Volume V of Adolescence and education (pp. 245–265). Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing.

Stadler, G., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2006). Selbstregulierte Umsetzung von Verhaltensstandards im Längsschnitt: Eine Interventionsstudie [Self-regulated implementation of behavior standards: A longitudinal intervention study]. In F. Eder, A. Gatsgaer, & F. Hofmann (Eds.), Qualität durch Standards? [Quality assurance by keeping standards?] (pp. 113–137). Münster: Waxmann Verlag.

2005

Oettingen, G. (2005). Vom Träumen zum Tun [From dreaming to doing]. In A. A. Bucher, K. Lauermann, & E. Walcher (Eds.), Leistung – Lust und Last: Erziehen in einer Wettbewerbsgesellschaft [Achievement – Passion and Burden: Education in a competitive environment]. Wien: Österreichischer Bundesverlag.

Oettingen, G., & Hagenah, M. (2005). Fantasies and the self-regulation of competence. In A. Elliot & C. S. Dweck (Eds.), Handbook of competence and motivation (pp. 647–665). New York: Guilford.

Oettingen, G., Mayer, D., Thorpe, J. S., Janetzke, H., & Lorenz, S. (2005). Turning fantasies about positive and negative futures into self-improvement goals. Motivation and Emotion, 29, 237–267. doi:10.1007/s11031-006-9016-y 

Oettingen, G., Stadler, G., & Sandmann, M. (2005). Bearbeitung von Entwicklungsaufgaben: Selbstregulation von Zielbindung und Zielablösung. [Solving developmental tasks: Self-regulation of goal engagement and goal disengagement]. In B. Schenk (Ed.), Bausteine einer Bildungsgangtheorie [Building a theory of trajectories in education] (pp. 304–318). Wiesbaden: Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.

Stadler, G., Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2005). Gesundheit beginnt im Kopf: Von der Phantasie zum Ziel zum gesunden Lebensstil. [Health emerges from the mind: From fantasy to goal setting to healthy living]. In H. Thomas (Ed.), Selbstregulation von Gesundheitsverhalten [Self-regulation of health behavior] (pp. 1–39). Hamburg, Germany: Deutsche Angestellten Krankenkasse. 

2004

Gollwitzer, P. M., Fujita, K., & Oettingen, G. (2004). Planning and the implementation of goals. In R. F. Baumeister & K. D. Vohs (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulation: Research, theory, and applications (pp. 211–228). New York: Guilford Press.

Kawada, C., Oettingen, G., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Bargh, J. A. (2004). The projection of implicit and explicit goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86, 545–559. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.86.4.545 

Oettingen, G., Bulgarella, C., Henderson, M., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2004). The self-regulation of goal pursuit. In R. A. Wright, J. Greenberg, & S. S. Brehm (Eds.), Motivation and emotion in social contexts: Jack Brehm’s influence on contemporary psychological thought (pp. 225–244). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

2003

Little, T. D., Miyashita, T., Karasawa, M., Mashima, M., Oettingen, G., Azuma, H., & Baltes, P. B. (2003). The links among action-control beliefs, intellective skill, and school performance in Japanese, US, and German school children. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 27, 41–48. doi:10.1080/01650250244000001 

Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2003). Self-regulation and conflict resolution. In A. Nadler & M. Dajani (Eds.), Social and psychological factors in conflict and its resolution: The Mid-Eastern and European experience. Brussels: European Commission.

2002

Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2002). Motivation: History of the concept. In J. Smelser & P. B. Baltes (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (pp. 10109–10112). Oxford, U.K.: Elsevier.

Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2002). Psychology of motivation and actions. In N. J. Smelser & P. B. Baltes (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (pp. 10105–10109). Oxford, U.K.: Elsevier.

Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2002). Theorien der modernen Zielpsychologie [Theories of modern psychology of goals]. In D. Frey & M. Irle (Eds.), Theorien der Sozialpsychologie [Theories of Social Psychology] (pp. 51–73). Bern: Huber.

Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2002). Turning hope thoughts into goal-directed behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 13, 304–307. 

Oettingen, G., & Mayer, D. (2002). The motivating function of thinking about the future: Expectations versus fantasies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 1198–1212. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.83.5.1198 

2001

Little, T. D., Lopez, D. F., Oettingen, G., & Baltes, P. B. (2001). A comparative-longitudinal study of action-control beliefs and school performance: On the role of context. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 25, 237–245. doi:10.1080/01650250042000258 

Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2001). Goal setting and goal striving. In A. Tesser & N. Schwarz (Eds.), Blackwell handbook of social psychology: Intraindividual processes (pp. 329–347). Oxford: Blackwell.

Oettingen, G., Pak, H., & Schnetter, K. (2001). Self-regulation of goal setting: Turning free fantasies about the future into binding goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 736–753. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.80.5.736 

2000

Gollwitzer, P. M., Delius, J. D., & Oettingen, G. (2000). Motivation. In K. Pawlik & M. R. Rosenzweig (Eds.), International Handbook of Psychology (pp. 191–206). London, UK: Sage.

Oettingen, G. (2000). Expectancy effects on behavior depend on self-regulatory thought. Social Cognition, 18, 101–129. doi:10.1521/soco.2000.18.2.101 

Oettingen, G. (2000). Optimismus versus Realismus: Probleme und Lösungen einer andauernden Debatte [Optimism versus realism: Solutions to an ongoing debate]. In J. Möller & B. Strauß (Eds.), Psychologie und Zukunft [Psychology and future] (pp. 51–74). Göttingen: Hogrefe.

Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2000). Das Setzen und Verwirklichen von Zielen [Goal setting and goal implementation]. Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 208, 406–430. doi:10.1026/0044-3409.208.34.406 

Oettingen, G., Hönig, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2000). Effective self-regulation of goal attainment. International Journal of Educational Research, 33, 705–732. doi:10.1016/S0883-0355(00)00046-X 

Stetsenko, A., Little, T. D., Gordeeva, T., Grasshof, M., & Oettingen, G. (2000). Gender effects in children’s beliefs about school performance: A cross-cultural study. Child Development, 71, 517–527. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00161 

1999

Oettingen, G. (1999). Free fantasies about the future and the emergence of developmental goals. In J. Brandtstädter & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), Action & self-development: Theory and research through the life span (pp. 315–342). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Oettingen, G. (1999). Zukunftsdenken und irrationales Handeln an der Schwelle zum 3. Jahrtausend: Gedanken zur Zeitenwende aus psychologischer Sicht [Thinking about the future and irrational action at the millennium]. In H. M. Baumgartner (Ed.), Zeit, Zeitenwende, Ewigkeit: Die Menschen vor der Jahrtausendwende [Time, change, and eternity: Mankind at the turn of the millenium] (pp. 62–84). Regensburg: Pustet.

Oettingen, G., & Maier, H. (1999). Where political system meets culture: Effects on efficacy appraisal. In Y.-T. Lee, C. R. McCauley, & J. Draguns (Eds.), Personality and person perception across cultures (pp. 163–190). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

1998

Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (1998). The emergence and implementation of health goals. Psychology and Health, 13, 687–715. doi:10.1080/08870449808407424 

Lopez, D. F., Little, T. D., Oettingen, G., & Baltes, P. B. (1998). Self-regulation and school performance: Is there an optimal level of action-control? Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 70, 54–74. doi:10.1006/jecp.1998.2446 

1997

Oettingen, G. (1997). Culture and future thought. Culture & Psychology, 3, 353–381. doi:10.1177/1354067X9733008 

Oettingen, G. (1997). Das phantasierte Selbst und seine Bedeutung für die Entwicklung über die Lebensspanne [The fantasized self and life-span development]. Zeitschrift für Sozialpsychologie [Journal of Social Psychology], 28, 76–91. 

Oettingen, G. (1997). Psychologie des Zukunftsdenkens [The psychology of thinking about the future]. Göttingen: Hogrefe.

Stetsenko, A., Little, T. D., Oettingen, G., & Baltes, P. B. (1997). Razvitije predstavlenij o shkolnoj dejatelnosti u detej: Kross-kulturnoe issledovanije [Development of children's conceptions about school performance: A cross-cultural study]. Voprosi Psihologii [Russian Journal of Psychological Issues], 6, 3–23.

1996

Oettingen, G. (1996). Positive fantasy and motivation. In P. M. Gollwitzer & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), The psychology of action: Linking cognition and motivation to behavior (pp. 236–259). New York: Guilford Press.

Oettingen, G., Little, T. D., & Baltes, P. B. (1996). Subjektives Leistungsvermögen und objektive Schulleistung: intranationale und internationale Vergleichsstudien [Subjective efficacy and objective academic performance: intranational and international comparisons]. In Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (Ed.), Jahrbuch 1996. Göttingen: Vandenhoek & Ruprecht.

1995

Little, T. D., Oettingen, G., Stetsenko, A., & Baltes, P. B. (1995). Children’s action-control beliefs about school performance: How do American children compare with German and Russian children? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 686–700. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.69.4.686 

Oettingen, G. (1995). Cross-cultural perspectives on self-efficacy. In A. Bandura (Ed.), Self-efficacy in changing societies (pp. 149–176). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.

Oettingen, G. (1995). Explanatory style in the context of culture. In G. M. Buchanan & M. E. P. Seligman (Eds.), Explanatory style (pp. 209–224). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Stetsenko, A., Little, T. D., Oettingen, G., & Baltes, P. B. (1995). Agency, control and means-ends beliefs about school performance in Moscow children: How similar are they to beliefs of Western children? Developmental Psychology, 31, 285–299. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.31.2.285 

1994

Oettingen, G. (1994). Attributionsstil und expressives Verhalten in Ost- und West-Berlin [Explanatory style and expressive behavior in East and West Berlin]. In G. Trommsdorff (Ed.), Psychologische Aspekte des sozio-politischen Wandels in Ostdeutschland [Psychological aspects of the socio-political change in East Germany] (pp. 144–153). Berlin: De Gruyter.

Oettingen, G., & Little, T. D. (1994). Adäquate Selbsteinschätzung als Erziehungsziel: Die Selbstwirksamkeitsurteile Ostberliner Schulkinder [Adequate self-evaluation as an educational goal: Self-efficacy beliefs in East Berlin children]. In G. Trommsdorff (Ed.), Psychologische Aspekte des sozio-politischen Wandels in Ostdeutschland [Psychological aspects of the socio-political change in East Germany] (pp. 113–123). Berlin: De Gruyter.

Oettingen, G., Little, T. D., Lindenberger, U., & Baltes, P. B. (1994). Causality, agency, and control beliefs in East versus West Berlin children: A natural experiment on the role of context. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 579–595. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.66.3.579 

1993

Oettingen, G. (1993). Schulleistungsbezogene Kontrollüberzeugungen im Kulturvergleich [Performance-related control beliefs across culture]. In L. Montada (Ed.), Bericht über den 38. Kongreß der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie in Trier 1992 (pp. 928–931). Göttingen: Hogrefe.

Oettingen, G., & Little, T. D. (1993). Intelligenz und Selbstwirksamkeitsurteile bei Ost- und Westberliner Schulkindern [Intelligence and perfomance-related self-efficacy beliefs in East and West Berlin school children]. Themenheft der Zeitschrift für Sozialpsychologie [Journal of Social Psychology], 24, 186–197.

1992

Oettingen, G., Lindenberger, U., & Baltes, P. B. (1992). Sind die schulleistungsbezogenen Überzeugungen Ostberliner Kindern entwicklungshemmend? [Development of school performance-related beliefs in East Berlin children]. Zeitschrift für Pädagogik [Journal of Education], 38, 299–324. 

1991

Oettingen, G., & Wadden, T. A. (1991). Expectation, fantasy, and weight loss: Is the impact of positive thinking always positive? Cognitive Therapy and Research, 15, 167–175. doi:10.1007/BF01173206 

1990

Oettingen, G. (1990). Phantasie und Realität [Fantasy and Reality]. In D. Frey (Ed.), Bericht über den 37. Kongreß der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie (pp. 370–375). Göttingen: Hogrefe.

Oettingen, G., & Seligman, M. E. P. (1990). Pessimism and behavioral signs of depression in East versus West Berlin. European Journal of Social Psychology, 20, 207–220. 

1988

Zullow, H. M., Oettingen, G., Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (1988). Pessimistic explanatory style in the historical record: CAVing LBJ, presidential candidates, and East versus West Berlin. American Psychologist, 43, 673–682. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.43.9.673 

1985

Oettingen, G. (1985). The influence of the kindergarten teacher on sex differences in behavior. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 8, 3–13. doi:10.1177/016502548500800102